中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
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2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
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Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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国是访问|全球都在通胀,明年中国能稳住物价吗?****** 文/刘文文 今年以来,全球通胀高企,美欧等主要经济体CPI涨幅明显。在此形势下,中国物价水平备受关注。近日召开的中央经济工作会议要求,突出做好稳增长、稳就业、稳物价工作,及时有效缓解结构性物价上涨给部分困难群众带来的影响。 当前中国稳物价的成绩如何?较其他经济体有何差别?目前影响中国物价波动的国内外因素有哪些?如何预防这些因素的潜在性冲击? ![]() 中新社国是直通车专访中国宏观经济研究院综合形势室主任、研究员郭丽岩,就上述问题进行分析。 现将访谈实录摘要如下: 中国稳物价成效显著 国是直通车:当前,全球性通胀越发严峻,尤其发达经济体通胀粘性特征愈发明显。在您看来,当前国内外物价运行水平有何不同?与国外相比,中国稳物价的成绩如何? 郭丽岩:在美欧等经济体通胀“高烧不退”的背景下,中国持续稳定物价运行的努力与成效令全球瞩目。1-11月份,中国CPI同比上涨2%,持续运行在合理区间,剔除食品和能源的核心CPI一直在1%左右的相对低位。 中国能够维持相对较低且基本稳定的物价水平,在当前是十分难得的宏观经济治理绩效,这与美欧等经济体陷入高通胀甚至是恶性通胀形成鲜明对比。 今年以来,美欧等经济体的CPI连创40年来的历史新高,虽然近期有所回落,但美国、英国、欧元区11月份CPI仍在7.1%、10.7%、10%的高位运行。此外,土耳其、阿根廷等新兴市场经济体更是出现了持续的恶性通胀。 国是直通车:今年以来,中国在保供稳价方面采取了哪些举措?取得了哪些成绩? 郭丽岩:中国之所以能够保持物价基本稳定的主要原因和经验,就是坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,强化粮食、能源产供储销体系建设,加大保供稳价工作力度,切实兜住兜牢民生底线。 首先是重要民生商品的保供稳价,不断完善价格调控机制。压实“菜篮子”市长负责制,充分发挥地方工作主动性。在提升本地自主保障能力的同时,促进产销衔接,强化主产区和主销区之跨区合作,共担保供稳价责任。产地采购、道路运输、终端配送各环节保通保畅。健全成品粮油、猪肉、北方城市冬春耐储蔬菜等储备并充实在库,增强储备调节能力。例如,9月份以来,连续多批次投放中央猪肉储备,并指导地方同步加大投放,促进价格向合理区间回归。 其次是基础能源的保供稳价,立足国情,以煤炭为“锚”,构建保供稳价体系,有序释放煤炭优质产能,健全煤炭产供储销体系,完善煤电价格形成机制,强化市场预期管理,压实各部门、地方和企业保供稳价责任,有力维护了能源领域产业链供应链稳定运行。此外,今年阶段性调整价格补贴联动机制,降低启动条件,扩大保障范围,1-11月份,各地累计发放价格临时补贴50亿元左右,有效保障了困难群众基本生活。 国是直通车:在您看来,未来一段时间内,影响中国物价波动的国内外因素有哪些? 郭丽岩:客观而言,中国在稳物价方面也面临一些不稳定、不确定因素,主要是外部输入性压力。 尽管近期国际大宗商品价格有所回落,但部分品种仍在高位波动。乌克兰危机仍在发酵,国际流动性环境发生变化,主要经济体利率、汇率变化快,国际市场部分区域能源、粮食等供应缺口仍然较大,各种扰动因素交叠,供求基本面偏紧甚至供求错配的个别品种仍有阶段性反弹空间。此外,受不利天气影响,蔬菜等食品价格可能出现阶段性波动。 中国稳物价底气能力增强 国是直通车:考虑到上述因素,您认为如何预防这些潜在冲击,防止未来物价发生大幅波动?今年中国物价整体水平将如何?能否有效控制通胀? 郭丽岩:针对上述挑战,要时刻保持高度警惕,增强全链条全过程防范市场价格异常波动风险的能力。 就输入性因素而言,密切跟踪监测预警国际大宗商品市场动向与价格走势。尤其是强化对国际油气、粮食、黑色和有色金属等价格异常波动的预警,加强对国内外主要期货和现货市场供求关系的联动分析,从而为国内分类施策和精准调控夯实基础。 就不利天气等突发事件而言,提升预警灵敏度和应急处置能力,压实“产供储销”全链条联动责任,强化跨区调运和余缺互济,协同运用各级各类储备进行更加精准的市场化调节。 总体上看,当前稳定物价总水平的基础坚实,今年能够实现3%左右的年度CPI预期目标,展望明年,稳物价的底气和能力进一步增强。 首先,中国经济长期向好的基本面没有变,产业体系韧性足,市场潜力空间大,能够对冲和化解不利冲击。 其次是中国坚决不搞“大水漫灌”强刺激,能够为实体经济提供更有力和更高质量的支持。 特别是粮油肉蛋奶蔬果等重要民生商品保供稳价调控机制不断完善,调控能力不断提升,有底气、有能力保持物价总水平基本稳定。
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